Leptospirosis in Dogs: Symptoms, Treatment, and How to Prevent It

In a city like Charlotte, NC, where dogs love hitting the trails, creeks, and greenways, Leptospirosis is something every pet parent should have on their radar. At Partners Animal Hospital Noda, we believe in keeping things simple, honest, and preventative—so here’s what you need to know to keep your pup safe.

What Is Leptospirosis?

Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that spreads through the urine of infected animals—like raccoons, rodents, or other wildlife. It can live in puddles, streams, and damp soil, especially in warm, humid weather. Dogs can become infected by drinking, swimming in, or even walking through contaminated water.
And here’s a critical piece: Leptospirosis is zoonotic, meaning it can also spread to people.

Symptoms to Watch For

Leptospirosis symptoms can look like a lot of other illnesses, which is why it’s important to reach out if your dog just seems “off.” Common signs include:

• Fever and shivering
• Vomiting or diarrhea
• Lethargy
• Increased thirst and urination
• Muscle tenderness
• Loss of appetite

If left untreated, Leptospirosis can cause serious kidney or liver damage—and sometimes both. Early treatment is key.

How We Treat It

If we suspect Leptospirosis, we’ll run bloodwork and a urine test to confirm. Treatment usually includes:

• Antibiotics to fight the infection
• Fluids to support kidney function
• Monitoring and supportive care, especially if your dog is dehydrated or very ill
• Most dogs recover well when treated early.

The Best Treatment Is Prevention

The easiest way to protect your dog from Leptospirosis? Vaccination. It’s safe, effective, and something we often recommend as part of your dog’s annual care—especially if they love the outdoors.

You can also help reduce risk by:

• Avoiding standing water
• Not letting your dog drink from puddles or streams
• Keeping your yard clean and discouraging wildlife

Let’s Talk Prevention

If you’re not sure whether your dog is vaccinated for Leptospirosis—or you want to double-check their risk based on their lifestyle—we’re here for you.

Schedule your pet’s vaccine or checkup today